HOW-TO & PRACTICAL

How do you use a fire extinguisher correctly?

Last updated:

To use a fire extinguisher, remember the acronym PASS: Pull the pin, Aim at the base of the fire, Squeeze the handle, and Sweep side to side. You should stand 6 to 8 feet away from the fire and use the extinguisher only on small, contained fires.

Continue in Reels Listen and swipe through more answers in How-To & Practical
PASS MethodPull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep
Safe Distance6 to 8 feet from the fire
Aim TargetBase of the fire, not the flames
When to EvacuateIf fire is spreading or smoke is heavy
Application TimeMost extinguishers last 10-25 seconds
Best UseSmall fires that are contained

Step-by-Step PASS Method

The PASS method is the standard way to use a fire extinguisher. First, Pull the safety pin located on the handle to unlock the extinguisher. Second, Aim the nozzle or hose at the base of the fire, not at the flames above. Third, Squeeze the handle lever to release the extinguishing agent. Fourth, Sweep the nozzle side to side in a sweeping motion to cover the fire's base until the flames are out.

Before You Start

Before attempting to use a fire extinguisher, make sure you have a clear escape route behind you so you can exit if needed. Only attempt to extinguish small fires that are contained in one area and not spreading rapidly. If the fire is large, spreading quickly, producing heavy smoke, or blocking your exit, evacuate immediately and call emergency services from a safe location.

Positioning and Distance

Stand 6 to 8 feet away from the fire when you begin. This distance keeps you safe from heat and flames while allowing you to aim effectively at the fire's base. Never get closer unless the fire is very small and you have a clear escape route behind you.

Why Aim at the Base

Fire needs fuel, oxygen, and heat to burn. By aiming at the base of the fire, you are targeting the fuel source and interrupting the fire's chemical reaction. Aiming at the flames above is ineffective because you are not reaching the source of the fire.

Know Your Limits

Fire extinguishers are effective for only small fires. Most extinguishers last between 10 and 25 seconds of continuous use, which is enough time to extinguish a small fire but not a large one. If you cannot put out the fire within this time, stop trying, evacuate the area, and call 911.

After Using the Extinguisher

Once the fire appears to be out, continue to watch the area for several minutes as some fires can reignite. Leave the building and call emergency services to report that you have used an extinguisher, even if you believe you have successfully put out the fire. A fire professional should inspect the area to ensure the fire is completely extinguished.

Sources

  1. osha.gov (osha.gov)
  2. nfpa.org (nfpa.org)
  3. ready.gov (ready.gov)