Humans evolved from earlier primate ancestors over millions of years through a process called evolution, where small genetic changes accumulated and natural selection favored traits that helped survival and reproduction. Scientific evidence shows humans share a common ancestor with other apes and evolved in Africa before spreading to other continents.

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Life is the quality that separates living organisms from non-living things, characterized by the ability to grow, reproduce, and respond to their environment. Something is alive if it can perform basic functions like eating, moving, reproducing, and reacting to changes around it.

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The Big Bang is the scientific theory that the universe began as a single, extremely hot and dense point about 13.8 billion years ago and has been expanding ever since. All matter, energy, and space itself originated from this event.

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Earth is approximately 4.54 billion years old. Scientists determined this age by studying radioactive elements in rocks and meteorites.

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The universe is approximately 13.8 billion years old. Scientists determined this by measuring the leftover radiation from the Big Bang and observing how fast galaxies are moving away from each other.

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