Democracy is a system of government where power ultimately rests with the people, who exercise that power either directly or through elected representatives. It matters because it protects individual freedoms, ensures peaceful transfers of power, and allows citizens to have a voice in decisions that affect their lives.

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The scientific method is a step-by-step process scientists use to test ideas and discover facts about the world through observation and experimentation. It works because it removes personal bias and uses evidence to prove or disprove theories.

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Human history spans approximately 300,000 years, beginning with early humans in Africa and progressing through the development of language, agriculture, civilizations, and modern societies. Major milestones include the invention of writing, the rise of empires, and the scientific and industrial revolutions.

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An atom is the smallest basic unit of matter that makes up everything in the universe. All material things—solids, liquids, and gases—are made of atoms combined together in different ways.

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Gravity is a force that pulls objects toward each other, and it's what keeps you on the ground and makes things fall down. It's the reason planets orbit the sun and the moon orbits Earth.

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