The internet is a global network of computers connected together that allows people to share information, communicate, and access services. Data travels between computers through cables and wireless signals using a standard set of rules called protocols.

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Artificial intelligence is technology that allows computers to learn from information and make decisions similar to how humans do. AI systems can recognize patterns, understand language, and complete tasks without being explicitly programmed for every situation.

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A cryptographic key pair consists of two mathematically related keys: a public key that can be shared openly and a private key that must be kept secret. Together, they enable secure encryption, decryption, and digital signatures.

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SSH (Secure Shell) is used for remote access because it encrypts all data transmitted between devices, protecting passwords and sensitive information from being intercepted by hackers. It also provides a secure way to control computers from far away over the internet.

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Public key authentication is a security method that uses two linked keys—a public key that anyone can see and a private key that only you have—to verify your identity and encrypt information. When you log in, the system confirms you have the matching private key without ever seeing it.

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