GENERAL KNOWLEDGE

What are the rules for goal-line technology in professional soccer?

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Goal-line technology is an electronic system used in professional soccer to determine whether the ball has completely crossed the goal line for a score. FIFA approved two main systems: Hawk-Eye and GoalControl, which use cameras to track the ball's position in real-time.

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PurposeTo accurately determine if a goal has been scored when the ball crosses the goal line
Approved SystemsHawk-Eye (England, Europe) and GoalControl (FIFA official system)
Technology TypeHigh-speed camera systems that track ball position in three dimensions
Decision TimeInstant feedback provided to the referee within one second
FIFA ApprovalOfficially approved by FIFA in 2012 for use in professional matches
AccuracySystems must be accurate to within 5 millimeters

How Goal-Line Technology Works

Goal-line technology uses multiple high-speed cameras positioned around the goal to track the soccer ball's exact position. The cameras record footage at extremely fast speeds and create a three-dimensional image of where the ball is at all times. When the ball approaches or crosses the goal line, the system analyzes whether the entire ball has completely crossed the line. If a goal has been scored, the referee receives an instant alert on a special watch or device within about one second.

Approved Systems

FIFA has approved two main goal-line technology systems for professional soccer. Hawk-Eye is used in many European leagues and was the first system approved. GoalControl is FIFA's official system and is used in major tournaments like the World Cup and Champions League. Both systems must meet strict FIFA accuracy standards and be tested regularly to ensure they work properly.

When Goal-Line Technology Is Used

Goal-line technology is used only to make decisions about whether a goal has been scored. It cannot be used for other fouls or decisions in the game. The system automatically alerts the referee when it detects that a ball has crossed the goal line. The referee makes the final decision based on the technology's information, but the technology provides the evidence needed to make an accurate call.

Accuracy Requirements

FIFA requires goal-line technology systems to be accurate to within 5 millimeters. This extremely high level of accuracy ensures that no goals are incorrectly awarded or denied due to system errors. Both approved systems must pass regular testing and certification to continue being used in professional matches.

Implementation in Tournaments

Major soccer tournaments including the FIFA World Cup, European Championship, and club competitions like the Champions League use goal-line technology. However, not all professional leagues use the system due to cost. Leagues and teams must choose to implement goal-line technology, and many lower-level professional competitions do not have access to it.

Sources

  1. fifa.com (fifa.com)
  2. uefa.com (uefa.com)
  3. premierleague.com (premierleague.com)