UFC Weight Classes
The UFC features eight official weight divisions. From lightest to heaviest, they are: Flyweight (125 lbs), Bantamweight (135 lbs), Featherweight (145 lbs), Lightweight (155 lbs), Welterweight (170 lbs), Middleweight (185 lbs), Light Heavyweight (205 lbs), and Heavyweight (265 lbs). Each fighter must weigh within their division's limit to compete in that weight class. Fighters can move between weight classes throughout their careers.
Legal Techniques and Striking
UFC fighters can strike with fists, elbows, knees, and shins. However, certain strikes are prohibited for safety reasons. Fighters cannot kick an opponent in the head if that opponent is on the ground, cannot strike the back of the head or spine, and cannot use heel kicks to the kidneys. Elbows to the face are allowed, but downward elbows to a grounded opponent are illegal. These rules prevent serious injuries while keeping the sport competitive.
Grappling and Submission Rules
UFC matches allow wrestling, takedowns, and submission techniques like chokeholds and joint locks. However, some submissions are banned for fighter safety, including heel hooks and knee reaping in lower divisions. A fighter can win by submission when their opponent taps out or cannot escape the hold. Slamming an opponent from certain positions is illegal if it could cause serious harm.
Match Structure and Winning
Regular UFC fights consist of three five-minute rounds with one-minute rest periods between rounds. Championship fights go five rounds. A fighter wins by knockout (opponent cannot continue), submission (opponent taps or is unable to defend), decision (judges' scorecards), or disqualification (opponent commits illegal moves). If all rounds are completed with no knockout or submission, the judges score the fight based on striking, grappling, control, and effective aggression.
Fouls and Safety Rules
The UFC has a detailed list of fouls to protect fighter safety. Illegal moves include grabbing the fence, hair pulling, biting, eye gouging, groin strikes, and small joint submissions on the fingers and toes. Fighters can be warned, deducted points, or disqualified depending on the severity of the foul. Protective equipment like mouthguards, gloves, and athletic cups are required.