What causes climate change
Climate change is caused mainly by human activities that release greenhouse gases into the air. When we burn coal, oil, and natural gas for energy, we release carbon dioxide. Factories, cars, and power plants are major sources of these emissions. Raising livestock and clearing forests also contribute to climate change. These gases act like a blanket around Earth, trapping heat from the sun and preventing it from escaping into space.
How the greenhouse effect works
The greenhouse effect is a natural process that keeps Earth warm enough for life. Sunlight enters Earth's atmosphere and warms the surface. Normally, some heat escapes back into space, but greenhouse gases trap some of that heat. This is helpful in small amounts, but too many greenhouse gases cause too much heat to be trapped, making Earth warmer than normal. This extra warming causes climate change.
Signs of climate change
Climate change creates measurable changes in our environment. Average global temperatures are rising, ice sheets and glaciers are melting faster, and sea levels are rising. Weather patterns are changing, with some areas experiencing more intense storms, droughts, or flooding. Animals and plants are moving to cooler areas or changing their behavior. These changes affect agriculture, water supplies, and human communities around the world.
Difference between weather and climate
Weather is the day-to-day conditions like rain, snow, or sunshine in your area. Climate is the pattern of weather over many years. Climate change refers to long-term shifts in climate patterns, not just a cold winter or hot summer. Even as global climate warms, some regions may experience temporary cold spells or snow, but the overall trend is toward a warmer planet.
What we can do about it
Individuals and governments can reduce climate change by using less energy, switching to renewable energy sources like solar and wind power, and protecting forests. Driving less, eating less meat, and recycling also help. Governments can create policies that reduce emissions and support clean energy development. Scientists and engineers are developing new technologies to address climate change. 
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